Physical Properties & Data

General Information ^‡ ^, ^‡ ^, ^‡ ^, ^‡

Formal Name	cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)
Common/Commercial Names	Cisplatin/Platinol
Agent	Antineoplastic
Molecular Formula	Cl₂H₆N₂Pt
Molecular Weight	300.1
Normal State	Crystalline solid
Colour	Deep yellow (crystalline solid) & Clear (reconstituted solution)
Structure	Tetragonal (square) planar
Symmetry	C_2V
Melting Point	Decomposes at 270°C to give chlorine gas and nitrogen oxides
CAS Registry Number	15663-27-1
DOT Number	UN 1851
RTECS ID	TP2450000
Price	Ł51.80 for 250mg ^‡
UV Absorption	In 0.1 N HCl, Lambda Max = 301 ±2 nm, Epsilon = 124-145

Solubilities ^¤ ^, ^‡ ^, ^‡ ^, ^‡

Water	<1mg/mL at 19°C (2.53mg/mL at 25°C)
Saline solution	1 mg/mL
95% Ethanol	<1 mg/mL at 19°C
Acetone	<1 mg/mL at 19°C
Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO)	>=100 mg/mL at 19°C
N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF)	>2 mg/mL
N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), pure anhydrous	24 mg/mL

Hazards ^‡ ^, ^‡ ^, ^‡ ^, ^‡ ^, ^‡ ^, ^‡

Toxic Dosage Human (Intravenous): TDLo: 2500 µg/kg

Hazards Toxic and suspected to be Carcinogenic, Mutagenic & Teratogenic

Carcinogenicity IARC: Animal sufficient evidence;
Human insufficient evidence - Probable human carcinogen (group 2A)

UN/ID Number UN2928

Hazard Class 6.1

Subsidiary Risk 8

Packing Group II

Labels Required Poison and Corrosive

WLN Z&2 PT-G2

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) ^‡ ^, ^‡ ^, ^‡

Column	250 mm × 4 mm i.d. Zorbax NH₂
Mobile Phase	5% H₂O in absolute EtOH
Flow Rate	2.5 mL/min
Detection	UV at 210 nm
Sample Preparation	1 mg/mL in 0.1 N HCl or internal standard solution
Internal Standard	guanosine (0.6 mg/mL in 0.1 N HCL)
Retention Volume	30 mL (NSC - 119875), 17.5 mL (I.S.)

Medical ^‡ ^, ^‡ ^, ^‡

Uses	Go to the uses page. This compound is an antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of metastatic tumours of the testis and ovaries. It is also reported to be active against other solid tumors including those of the bladder, prostate, head and neck.
Mechanism of Action	Alkylating-type. It primarily binds to DNA
Side Effects	Go to the side effects page. Includes, kidney damage, hearing loss, nausea, vomiting, and damages testes & unborn fetuses

Chemistry ^¤ ^, ^‡ ^, ^‡ ^, ^‡

Reactivity: This chemical compound is incompatible with oxidizing agents and aluminum. Cisplatin reacts with aluminium and becomes inactivated permanently. It is therefore, not administered with aluminium hubbed needles. Cisplatin may react with sodium bisulfite and other antioxidants.
Stability: NMR and UV spectrophotometric stability screenings indicate that solutions of cisplatin in DMSO are stable for less than two hours. It slowly changes to the trans-isomer in aqueous solution. The Cl ligands are substituted with aqua ligands. The resulting diaqua complex has a half life of about 5 hours at 30°C at pH7. The Cl ligands may also be substituted by a variety of other nucleophiles like -OH. A dramatic increase in stability is observed when the chloride ion is added. Fresh solutions are therefore, prepared in saline before use. This chemical however, is stable under normal laboratory conditions.
Half-Life in vivo: Primary Phase: 25-49 Minutes; Secondary Phase: 58-73 Hours

Last Modified on 24 June 1998

Toxic Dosage	Human (Intravenous): TDLo: 2500 µg/kg
Hazards	Toxic and suspected to be Carcinogenic, Mutagenic & Teratogenic
Carcinogenicity	IARC: Animal sufficient evidence; Human insufficient evidence - Probable human carcinogen (group 2A)
UN/ID Number	UN2928
Hazard Class	6.1
Subsidiary Risk	8
Packing Group	II
Labels Required	Poison and Corrosive
WLN	Z&2 PT-G2

Physical Properties & Data

Copyright Š 1998 Sai Man Liu