In Jingdezhen an Imperial Kiln was built in 1369 to produce porcelain that was “white as jade, thin as paper, bright as a mirror and tuneful as a bell”. It’s the colours of the glazes that caught my eye, achieved by a combination of oxidative and reductive firing in the kiln, coupled with exquisite control of the temperature.
Impressions of China 2: The colour of porcelain.
October 14th, 2015Impressions of China. New units of speed and old ways of counting.
October 9th, 2015This comes to you from China, and the city of Suzhou. To set the scene, cities in China have a lot of motorbikes. Electric ones. With their own speed units, a % of Panda speed. 
Isoelectronic games: the CO analogue of diazirines as an intriguing species?
September 24th, 2015How does an anaesthetic work? Surprisingly, it is only recently[cite]10.1038/nchembio.1340[/cite] that the possible binding sites of the anaesthetic propofol (2,6-di-isopropylphenol) have been identified using a technique known as photoaffinity labelling.[cite]10.1016/j.bmc.2011.06.066[/cite] A propofol analogue was constructed[cite]10.1038/nchembio.1340[/cite] by replacing one of the isopropyl groups with a trifluoromethyl diazirine group (R=CF3, X=Y=N below). Upon photolysis, this species looses nitrogen and forms a carbene as a reactive species, which with further chemistry binds covalently[cite]10.1016/j.bmc.2011.06.066[/cite] to adjacent amino acids in the binding pocket.These modified segments could then be analysed by mass spectrometry.[cite]10.1038/nchembio.1340[/cite] An isomer of diazirine is diazomethane, which is some 11 kcal/mol lower in free energy, but fortunately the diazirene is preventing from thermally isomerising to this species by a large kinetic barrier. That was the intro; now for a connection.‡ I recently attended a presentation on another medical topic, the therapeutic uses of carbon monoxide.[cite]10.1038/nrd3228[/cite] In higher concentrations it is notoriously lethal, but with appropriate delivery it can be therapeutic. So, intertwingling, I asked myself what the properties of the carbon monoxide isoelectronic analogue of a diazirine might be (X=C, Y=O below).
Deviations from planarity of trigonal carbon and from linearity of digonal carbon.
September 13th, 2015Previously, I explored deviation from ideal tetrahedral arrangements of four carbon ligands around a central (sp3) carbon using crystal structures. Now it is the turn of digonal (sp1) and trigonal (sp2) carbons.
π-Resonance in thioamides: a crystallographic “diff” with amides.
September 5th, 2015The previous post explored the structural features of amides. Here I compare the analysis with that for the closely related thioamides.
π-Resonance in amides: a crystallographic reality check.
September 5th, 2015The π-resonance in amides famously helped Pauling to his proposal of a helical structure for proteins. Here I explore some geometric properties of amides related to the C-N bond and the torsions about it.
A sea-change in science citation? The Wikipedia Science conference.
September 3rd, 2015The first conference devoted to scientific uses of Wikipedia has just finished; there was lots of fascinating stuff but here I concentrate on one report that I thought was especially interesting. To introduce it, I need first to introduce WikiData. This is part of the WikiMedia ecosystem, and one of the newest. The basic concept is really simple.
A tourist trip around London Overground with a chemical theme.
August 29th, 2015Most visitors to London use the famous underground trains (the “tube”) or a double-decker bus to see the city (one can also use rivers and canals). So I thought, during the tourism month of August, I would show you an alternative overground circumnavigation of the city using the metaphor of benzene.